Tham khảo Bậc tự do (lý hóa)

  1. 1 2 Reif, F. (2009). Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, Inc. tr. 51. ISBN 1-57766-612-7. 
  2. ↑ Waldmann, Thomas; Klein, Jens; Hoster, Harry E.; Behm, R. Jürgen (2013). “Stabilization of Large Adsorbates by Rotational Entropy: A Time-Resolved Variable-Temperature STM Study”. ChemPhysChem 14 (1): 162–9. PMID 23047526. doi:10.1002/cphc.201200531.